Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is an important factor leading to death in patients with venous catheterization. Selection of catheter locking solution has become an important part in maintaining venous catheter. Locking solution with different chemical components have different effects on preventing CRBSI. Therefore, selecting a suitable and effective solution for locking is an important method to reduce the occurrence of CRBSI. This paper reviews different types of domestic and foreign locking solutions with single or compound chemical compositions in the prevention of CRBSI, so as to provide theoretical reference for clinical health care workers in the selection and further research in locking solution.