Aggregatibacter aphrophilus (A. aphrophilus) is a normal bacterial flora in the oropharynx, and rarely causes lumbar spine infection in clinical practice. As fastidious bacteria, A. aphrophilus has high nutritional requirements, thus is difficult to be cultured and identified, and prone to be missed in detection. A. aphrophilus was detected from the blood culture of a patient with lumbar spine infection in a hospital. The anti-infection treatment based on detection results for the patient was effective after adjusting antimicrobials. This paper reports a rare case of A. aphrophilus lumbar spine infection with literature reviews.