Pulmonary nocardiosis and pneumocystis pneumonia are rare opportunistic infections clinically, both tend to occur in immunocompromised patients. However, the co-infection of the two has been reported rarely. With complex clinical and imaging findings, the co-infection is difficult to diagnose and treat. This article reports the dia-gnosis and treatment process of a case of the co-infection with Nocardia asiatica and Pneumocystis, reviewed the relevant literatures, so as to improve the understanding of the disease.