Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by prions, with certain infectivity and iatrogenic transmission risks. With the rapid progress and application of new dia-gnostic biomarkers and detection methods, as well as the construction and improvement of surveillance and reporting systems, the detection of CJD in patients domestically and internationally has shown an increasing trend year by year. Due to its long incubation period and heterogeneity of early symptoms, early identification and diagnosis of the disease is difficult, increasing the risk of transmission within medical institutions. Currently, there is a lack of consensus on the infection prevention and control of CJD. In order to timely identify and diagnose CJD as well as effectively block its transmission in medical institutions, this consensus summarizes 15 clinical concerns and formulates 24 specific recommendations based on the latest domestic and international research findings and clinical evidence, as well as combines with clinical practice, aiming to standardize healthcare-associated infection prevention and control measures for CJD and reduce its transmission risk in medical institutions.