Objective To analyze the clinical and pathogenic characteristics, as well as influencing factors for the prognosis of patients with Candida bloodstream infection (CBSI). Methods Clinical data of 47 CBSI patients in a hospital from January 2015 to September 2024 were collected. Distribution of departments and infection strains, antimicrobial resistance, and influencing factors for the poor prognosis of patients were analyzed. Results A total of 51 strains of Candida were detected from 47 CBSI patients, mainly from the intensive care unit (ICU; n=25, 53.2%), department of intestinal fistula surgery (n=8, 17.0%), and department of respiratory medicine (n=4, 8.6%), et al. The main detected pathogens were Candida albicans (n=29, 56.9%), Candida tropicalis (n=7, 13.7%), Candida glabrata (n=6, 11.8%), and Candida parapsilosis (n=6, 11.8%). Resistance rate of Candida albicans to fluconazole was 11.5% (3/26). According to the prognosis results, patients were divided into a good prognosis group(n=26, 55.3%) and a poor prognosis group (n=21, 44.7%). Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences between patients in the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group in terms of absolute neutrophil count, ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, tracheal intubation, gastrointestinal hemorrhage/perforation, and surgical treatment (lesion clearance, drainage or unblocking for obstruction) (all P<0.05). Preliminary multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gastrointestinal hemorrhage/perforation was a potential risk factor for the poor prognosis in CBSI patients (OR=11.156, 95%CI: 1.434-86.809, P=0.021). Conclusion The detected CBSI strains are mainly Candida albicans, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage/perforation may be one of the potential risk factors affecting the prognosis of CBSI patients. These patients are generally in critical condition and should be detected and treated as early as possible to improve their prognosis. Due to the small amount of specimens, further research is still needed for confirmation.