ObjectiveTo investigate the condition and characteristics of infection and coinfection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)，hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis before transfusion. Methods 9 694 cases of transfusing recipients in a hospital between October, 2007 and June, 2008 were detected; Serum HBV markers, antiHCV were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); Serum antiHIV, antisyphilis  were detected by doublesandwich ELISA(DSELISA).ResultsAmong 9 694 transfusing recipients, the positive rate of HBV marker before receiving transfusion  was 15.98%(1 549 cases), the positive rate of antiHCV, antiHIV and  antisyphilis  was 0.61% (59 cases), 0.35% (34 cases) and  5.11% (495 cases) respectively. The coinfection rate of HBV  and HCV was 0.59%(57 cases), the coinfection rate of HBV and  syphilis was 0.97% (94 cases), the coinfection rate of HCV and  syphilis was 0.03% (3 cases); Among patients with HIV positive, the coinfection rate with HBV, HCV  and syphilis was 0.13%(13 cases), 0.10% (10 cases)  and 0.04% (4 cases) respectively; The coinfection rate of  HIV, HBV and HCV was 1.08%(2 cases), the coinfection rate of HIV, HBV and  syphilis was 1.08%(2 cases), coinfection rate of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis was 0.54%(1  case). ConclusionSome recipients have infection before transfusion, especially HBV and syphilis infection. The overall examination on recipients not only can avoid medical dispute, but also improve clinical therapy for patients and health care workers' occupation safety protection.