ObjectiveTo evaluate the improvement of hand hygiene in medical institutes after the carrying out of “monthly activity of hand hygiene”,  the knowledge of hand hygiene among health care workers (HCWs), and the improvement of HCWs’compliance with hand hygiene. MethodsCompliance with hand hygiene  before and after the carrying out of  “monthly activity of hand hygiene” was supervised by experts, evaluation was performed according to  uniformed  standard. ResultsBefore and after the carrying out of  “monthly activity of hand hygiene”, The putting up of standard hand washing figures in key departments rose from 37.95% to 93.37% （χ2=113.07, P＝0.00）, the change of nontouching faucets from  21.08% to 60.84% （χ2=54.25, P＝0.00）, the supply of rapiddry hand disinfectant from 15.66% to  56.63% （χ2=60.34, P＝0.00）, the handdrying method against a  second contamination from  9.04% to 45.18% （χ2=54.88,  P＝0.00）, the correct hand washing methods of doctors and nurses from 17.39%,19.57% to  89.13%, 93.48% （χ2=69.57，P＝0.00；χ2＝78.10, P＝0.00）, the differences were significant, respectively. Conclusion“Monthly activity of hand hygiene” promoted the improvement of hand hygiene installation, hand hygiene knowledge is  popularized among all levels of persons in hospital, and hand hygiene awareness and compliance are enhanced.