ObjectiveTo carry out targeted surveillance on surgical wound infection(SWI) in patients in a general surgery department of a hospital, so as to take effective measures to reduce the  SWI rate. MethodsProspective survey was performed to evaluate  risk factor indexes of each patient, and a targeted surveillance of surgeonspecific infection  rate were  given statistical analysis. ResultsAmong 193 patients with surgical operations,  SWI rate was 6.74%(13/193)，the first three operations were cholecystectomy(20.00%), radical operation of gastrointestinal tumors (16.67%) and intestinal tract neoplasty/excision(16.00%). There was significant difference  between the types of the surgical wound, age of patients, the duration of operations and the degrees of risk indexes respectively (P<0.05 or P<0.01). ConclusionSWI rate in patients in department of general surgery in this hospital is high， the infection rate is related with the types of operation，age of patients and the duration of operation.