ObjectiveTo analyse the pathogens in nosocomial infection (NI) in surgical intensive care unit (SICU), so as to guide clinicians to use  antimicrobial agents properly. MethodsMedical records  of  patients with NI in SICU at a hospital in 2006 were analysed retrospectively. ResultsNI rate in SICU patients was 11.67%(70/600), 42 cases(60.00%) were simple bacterial infection, 2 (2.86%) were fungi infection, 13 (18.57%) were mixed infection (bacteria and  fungi), 13 (18.57%) were negative  for microbial culture. The first five common bacteria in infection were Enterococcus faecium (18.49%), methicillinresistant staphylococcus aureus(17.65%)，methicillinresistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus(17.65%)，Pseudomonas aeruginosa（9.24%） and Escherichia coli（7.56%）; grampositive cocci was 52.90%. The first three  common fungi were Aspergillus spp.（31.58%）, Candida albicans （26.32%） and Candida glabrata（21.05%）. The length of  ICU stay was prolonged in patients with fungi infection (P<0.05), and mortality in patients with fungi infection was 46.67%(7/15).ConclusionNI rate in patients  in SICU  is high, the most common infection are bacteria infection, mixed infection are the second. The most common bacteria is grampositive cocci;  The common fungi are Aspergillus spp., Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, successively. The length of  ICU stay is prolonged and the prognosis is poor in patients with fungi infection.