ObjectiveTo analyse the clinical distribution and drugresistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae （S.pneumoniae） isolated from patients in a hospital, so as to guide the rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinic.MethodsSeven hundren and eleven strains of  S. pneumoniae were isolated from inpatients and outpatients between April, 2007 and February, 2010, and identified with VITEK Compact system, antimicrobial susceptibility of  S. pneumoniae to penicillin and the other 12 kinds of antimicrobial agents were performed by automatic antimicrobial susceptibility system.ResultsMost strains were isolated from sputum samples (83.26%), the next were from nasopharyngeal swabs (8.86%) and blood (4.36%), most patients were in departments of respiratory/ digestive internal medicine (39.94%) and cardiovascular internal medicine (22.50%), sensitive rate to penicillin was 15.61%, resistant rate to penicillin was 84.39% (600 strains). The resistant rate to erythromycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin was 91.98％,86.32％ and 31.23％，respectively , the resistant rate to vancomycin and linezoid was  0.00%.ConclusionAntimicrobial resistance of S.pneumoniae from children has become a severe problem, surveillance of drugresistance and antimicrobial use must be intensified.