To decrease the incidence of nosocomial respiratory infectious diseases in the nonisolation wards during H1N1 epidemic period by setting up comprehensive disinfection and prevention measures.MethodsDigestive department 2 was as group A which enforced comprehensive disinfection and prevention measures:scientific education ; new relatives' visiting and assisting system; intensifying standardized ward ventilation and disinfection. Digestive department 1 was as group B (control group), the measures were: reducing visiting, disinfecting the wards with ozone once a week .The knowledge about prevention and control of H1N1 among inpatients , assisting persons , visitors and healthcare workers before and after conducting education , as well as the bacterial count and the occurrence of nosocomial infection (NI) were compared.ResultsAfter conducting scientific education, the knowledge about prevention and control of H1N1 improved obviously , the average score increased from 43.85 before education to 94.55 after education (P<0.0001); the number of visitors decreased from 12 532 before education to 4 385 after education , the number of bacteria in group A were (21.63±12.94)CFU/m3 , which was significantly lower than (903.46±241.73)CFU/m3 of group B (P<0.0001); NI rate and upper respiratory tract infection rate was 0.48% and 0.00% respectively , which were obviously lower than 3.36% and 1.92% before education respectively (both P<0.05). No H1N1 case occurred.ConclusionDuring H1N1 outbreak and epidemic period , the enforcement of strict and comprehensive disinfection and prevention measures and education can enhance the knowledge of patients, patients’ relatives and healthcare workers, which is important for the reducing of NI and upper respiratory tract infection.