ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical and epidemiological features of acute bacterial dysentery and its pathogen distribution and drug resistance.MethodsThe data of age，occupation，symptoms，signs，and patterns of pathogen from 414 patients with bacillary dysentery between July 2010 and September 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsMost patients with bacillary dysentery were young adult(322 patients ［77.78%］ were under 50 years old) ; The typical clinical manifestations,such as left lower quadrant tenderness, pus and blood stool， and tenesmus were less common; The positive rate of fecal Shigella culture was 16.43%(68/414),65 (95.59%) of which were Shigella sonnei, 3 (4.41%)were Shigella flexneri. Drugresistant rates of Shigella to ampicillin,trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole,and gentamicin were over 95%,even up to 100.00%; The strains were sensitive to cephalosporins and some quinolones, but had a decreased sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and lomefloxacin.ConclusionCompared with the previous, the clinical and epidemiological features of bacterial dysentery and epidemic patterns of Shigella have changed, drugresistant strains increased.