ObjectiveTo evaluate the drug resistance of three common nonfermentative bacterial healthcareassociated lower respiratory tract (LRT) infection in an intensive care unit（ICU）, and risk factors of multidrug resistant (MDR) nonfermentative bacterial infection.MethodsDistribution and drug resistance of 182 nonfermentative isolates causing LRT in ICU patients from January， 2009 to December, 2010 were analyzed; risk factors for 91 cases infected with MDR nonfermentative bacteria were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe three most common nonfermentative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (41.36%,79/191), Acinetobacter baumannii (40.32%,77/191)， and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (13.62%,26/191); drugresistant rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to the third and fourth generation cephalosporins, quinolones, and aminoglycosides were up to above 80%; drugresistant rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem was above 35%, to ceftriaxone and cefotaxime was up to more than 70%; drugresistant rate of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole increased from 7.14% in 2009 to 66.67% in 2010(χ2=7.66,P=0.00), resistant rate to minocycline was 8.33%. Duration of healthcareassociated infection (HAI) >2 weeks(OR=4.53, P=0.03), drug combination use >72 hours (OR=3.51, P=0.03) were independent risk factors for MDR nonfermentative bacterial healthcareassociated LRT infection (OR=3.51, P=0.03).ConclusionNonfermentative bacteria is the important pathogen in healthcareassociated LRT infection in ICU, with high rate of drug resistance. It is important to prevent MDR nonfermentative bacterial LRT infection by strict limitation on the indication of ICU admission, proper measures according to risk factors, and strict control of antimicrobial agents.