ObjectiveTo evaluate healthcareassociated infection (HAI) in HIV/AIDS death cases and risk factors for death in a hospital in Guangdong area.MethodsA retrospective case control study on 345 HIV/AIDS death cases in a hospital from January 2001 to December 2011was conducted.ResultsOf 345 HIV/AIDS death cases, 47 developed 52 times of HAI,HAI infection rate was 13.62%, case infection rate was 15.07%; 15(31.91%) cases of HAI were directly related to death. HAI usually occurred in lower respiratory tract (18 episodes, 34.62%), gastrointestinal tract(13 episodes, 25.00%),and skin and soft tissue (11 episodes, 21.15%). Pathogens of HAI included bacteria（12 isolates，25.53%）, virus（10，21.28%）, fungus（6，12.77%）and others（19，40.43%）.Independent risk factors for HAI were length of hospital stay >30 days, invasive operation, opportunistic infection of at least two sites, combination use of antimicrobial agents, and CD4+T lymphocyte <200/μl.ConclusionHAI is one of the important causes of death in hospitalized HIV/AIDS patients. Early diagnosis and treatment for the opportunistic infection, shortening of hospital stay, control of invasive operations, rational administration of antimicrobial agents are the key measures to prevent and control HAI in HIV/AIDS patients.