Objective To investigate the prevalence of healthcareassociated infection(HAI) in the healthcare settings of Sichuan province in 2011, and establish the reference system of HAI indicators.Methods248 hospitals of Sichuan province participated in HAI prevalence survey in September 1st30th, 2011. Hospitals were surveyed for a given day（0∶00—24∶00）decided by each hospital, point prevalence of HAI among all hospitalized patients were investigated by combination of bedvisiting and medical records checking.Results75 822 patients in 248 hospitals should be surveyed, 74 457 patients (98.20%)were actually surveyed. 1 966 patients had 2 001 times of HAI, HAI rate and case rate was 2.64% and 2.69% respectively; HAI prevalence rates of hospitals with different sizes were statistically different (χ2=46.70，P＜0.01), and HAI prevalence rate increased with the increase of hospital size. The top 3 HAI sites were respiratory tract (55.77%), urinary tract (12.79%) and surgical site (11.99%); HAI were high in oncology department(4.52%), surgery department (3.28%) and internal medicine department (3.02%); pathogenic detection rate of specimens from HAI patients was 42.13%（843/2 001）;39 440 patients used antimicrobial agents on the day of survey, antimicrobial usage rate was 52.97%, of which 15.05% (11 209 cases) were prophylactic and 37.92% (28 231) were therapeutic. Pathogenic detection rate of specimens from patients receiving therapeutic antimicrobial agents was 21.63%（6 105/28 231）.ConclusionThis prevalence survey is helpful for realizing the HAI state in healthcare settings of Sichuan province, and guide the prevention and control of HAI.