ObjectiveTo explore the characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria (especially Staphylococcus aureus) isolated from skin lesion of eczema patients,and evaluate the effect of antiinfective therapy on eczema. MethodsSpecimens taken from lesion secretion of 100 eczema patients and forearm skin of 60 healthy control were performed bacterial culture, and the isolated bacteria were performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing, 88 eczema patients with positive bacterial culture of lesion were randomly divided into experimental and control group, control group was treated with oral loratadine plus external use of Halometasone cream, experimental group was treated with the method of control group plus sensitive antimicrobial agents clindamycin palmitate dispersible tablets, the therapeutic effect between two groups was compared. ResultsThe detection rate of total bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus from lesion of eczema patients was higher than healthy control respectively (88.00% vs 66,67%, P<0.01; 58.00% vs 6.67%, P<0.01). Drug resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus from skin lesion to penicillin, erythromycin, and tetracycline was 87.93%，68.97% and 62.07% respectively; the sensitive rate to minocycline, vancomycin, fusidic acid, and furadantin were all 100.00%. The cure rate and effective rate of experimental group was higher than that of control group respectively (40.91% vs 18.18%, P＜0.05; 81.82% vs 54.55%, P＜0.05）. Total bacterial clearance rate and Staphylococcus aureus clearance rate of experimental group was higher than that of control group respectively (93.18% vs 59.09%, χ2=14.07，P＜0.01；93.10%［27/29］vs 68.97%［20/29］，χ2=5.50，P=0.019）.No side effect was found in two groups.ConclusionEczema is closely related to bacterial infection, especially Staphylococcus aureus infection; monitor on drug resistance is helpful to guide clinical antimicrobial use, improve clinical efficacy and shorten the course of disease.