ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical treatment and control of healthcareassociated infection(HAI) in a patient with afferent O139 cholera, so as to provide the basis for strengthening diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control measures of cholera. MethodsPatients were diagnosed with cholera according to “Health Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China─Cholera Diagnosis Criteria”,and were isolated and treated; the close contacts were isolated and given medical observation; strict disinfection and education were adopted.ResultsAll patients were cured and discharged, and none of the close contacts was infected, transmission of pathogen was prevented effectively.ConclusionTimely diagnosis and isolation measures can effectively control the epidemic of cholera.