ObjectiveTo evaluate the changes and significance of T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in peripheral blood of patients with drugsensitive and multidrugresistant pulmonary tuberculosis（MDR pulmonary TB）.MethodsFrom July 2011 to July 2012, T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+,CD4+,and CD8+T)and cytokines(IFNγ and IL10) were detected in patients with drugsensitive pulmonary TB (DS group, 20 cases),MDR pulmonary TB (MDR group, 15 cases) and healthy physical examination persons (control group,26 cases) in a hospital, data of three groups were compared.ResultsNo significant differences were found in percentages of CD3+,CD4+,and CD8+T among three groups(P>0.05);there were significant differences in absolute counts of CD3+,CD4+,and CD8+T among three groups（P＜0.01）,and the difference between every two groups was also significant (P<0.05), which was highest in control group(CD3+［1 426±485］/μL;CD4+［825±306］/μL;CD8+T［516±213］/μL）and lowest in MDR group（CD3+ ［746±358］/μL；CD4+ ［461±204］/μL；CD8+T ［213±101］/μL）. There were significant differences in IFNγ value among three groups（P＜0.01）, and the difference between every two groups was also significant (P<0.05), which was highest in control group (［65.04±36.31］pg/mL) and lowest in MDR group(［23.32±14.04］pg/mL). No significant differences were found in IL10 among three groups（P＞0.05）.ConclusionThe absolute counts of T lymphocyte subsets CD3+,CD4+,and CD8+T as well as IFNγ declined in drugsensitive pulmonary TB patients and MDR pulmonary TB patients, which may accelerate the progress of TB and be one of the causes of MDR pulmonary TB.