ObjectiveTo investigate point prevalence of healthcareassociated infection(HAI) and communityassociated infection(CAI) in hospitals with different scales.MethodsAccording to the unified arrangement of National HAI Surveillance System, crosssectional survey was adopted to investigate daily HAI and CAI rate, antimicrobial use, and specimen detection rate in hospitals participated in the survey in 2012. ResultsOn the survey day, a total of 786 028 patients in 1 313 hospitals were investigated, of whom 25 273 (3.22%) had HAI, and 177 009(22.52%) had CAI, 301 770 (38.39%) were prescribed antimicrobial agents. Among patients prescribed antimicrobial agents for therapy, 40.16% had their specimens sent to the laboratory for bacterial culture. Among hospitals with＜300,300-599,600-899, and ≥900 beds,prevalence rate of HAI (HAIR) and bacterial culture rate(BCR) had a “stepbystep” rise (HAIR：2.11%，2.52%，3.49%，3.91%; BCR: 23.43%,33.97%,45.38%, 49.05%, the difference was statistically significant);prevalence rate of CAI (CAIR) and antimicrobial use rate(AUR) had a “stepbystep” decrease (CAIR：28.99%，25.43%，21.97%，18.72%；AUR： 46.58%，41.14%，37.23%，34.64%,the difference was statistically significant). The top five departments with highest prevalence rate were intensive care unit (ICU,27.76%), hematology (10.13%), burn (9.64%),neurosurgery（9.00%）,and neonatology division of pediatric department（5.34%）. A total of 12 447 pathogens were isolated from patients with HAI, the top five bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa（1 825 isolates）, Escherichia coli（1 750 isolates）, Klebsiella pneumoniae（1 437 isolates）, Acinetobacter baumannii（1 321 isolates）, and Staphylococcus aureus（1 112 isolates）.ConclusionPoint prevalence rate of HAI has decreased compared with previous, ICU has the highest HAI prevalence rate; gramnegative bacteria are main pathogens of HAI; AUR is lower than before, and the BCR increased obviously.