ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemiological features of occupational exposure to blood among health care workers (HCWs) in a hospital.MethodsRetrospective questionnaires survey of 374 HCWs were performed by random accidental sampling method.ResultsThe correct rate of treatment contents and procedure was 54.81%（205/374） and 89.84%（336/374） respectively.174 HCWs suffered 533 times of exposures, exposure rate was 46.52%(174/374);exposure rate was significantly different among HCWs of different departments and different work locations (P＜0.05), exposure rate of HCWs in department of surgery,pediatrics,and internal medicine was 64.46%（78/121）,60.00%（18/30）,and 40.00%（50/125）respectively; the exposure rate in nurses and doctors was 51.52%(102/198) and 47.27%（52/110） respectively. The main exposure time were in the morning and evening, the main manipulation were puncture, blood withdrawal, and disposal of articles, the main locations were wards,operating rooms, and dressing rooms.ConclusionOccupational exposures in this hospital is high, the enforcement of preventive measures for occupational exposures should be enhanced.