ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of participation of healthcareassociated infection (HAI) management department in ward round presided over by hospital director on hand hygiene compliance of health care workers (HCWs) in a basiclevel hospital.MethodsImplementation of hand hygiene in JanuaryJune 2012 (control group : HAI management department didn’t participate ward round) and JanuaryJune 2013 (trial group : HAI management department participated ward round) were investigated, the compliance of hand hygiene of two groups of HCWs and consumption of hand hygiene products of each department were compared.ResultsHAI case rate in trail group was significantly lower than control group (1.49% vs 2.01%)（χ2=4.31，P＜0.05）; HCWs’ hand hygiene compliance rate was significantly higher than control group(71.56% ［3 249/4 540］ vs 44.00%［1 914/4 350］）, hand hygiene compliance rates in nurses were higher than doctors of both groups（χ2=151.30, 179.92， respectively，both P＜0.001）, hand hygiene compliance rate in trial group from high to low was department of pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, surgery,and internal medicine. The consumption of rapid hand disinfectant of trail group and control group was 5.38mL/bedday and 1.88 mL/bedday respectively, the consumption of hand sanitizer was 11.51 mL/bedday and 7.03 mL/bedday respectively.ConclusionHand hygiene checked during the ward round presided over by hospital director can improve HCWs’ hand hygiene compliance,reduce the incidence of HAI,and ensure medical safety.