ObjectiveTo assess the  prevalence of hand hygiene compliance rates of health care workers (HCWs) at general hospitals in China in 2010-2012.  MethodsLiteratures  about  hand hygiene compliance  of  HCWs from 2010 to 2012 were retrieved from  China Biology Medicine disc (CBM）, China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）,Wan Fang database, VIP ，and PubMed database , Comprehensive Meta Analysis V2 software and Stata12.0 software were adopted to conduct statistical analysis . ResultsNinety literatures  were selected with heterogeneity（Q=48 118.32，P＜0.01）, random effect model was used. The  overall  hand hygiene compliance rate of HCWs  was 47.83%（95%CI：43.27%-52.42%）; When stratified by occupation group， the overall compliance rate of doctors，nurses, and unclassified HCWs was 40.36%（95%CI：35.42%-45.49%）, 46.70%（95%CI：41.81%-51.65%）, and 40.72%（95%CI：27.75%-55.13%） respectively. According to subgroup analysis， there was no statistical difference in compliance rate between doctors and nurses（Q=3.12，P＞0.05）; the compliance rate after patient contact was higher than before patient contact （54.33% ［95%CI : 44.76%-63.59%］ vs 20.21%［ 95%CI: 14.12%-28.06%］）（Q=32.59，P＜0.01）; hand compliance rate from field observation was higher than from covert observation （70.91% ［95%CI ：70.71%- 71.10%］ vs  41.20%［95%CI ：37.55% -44.94%］）（Q=247.66，P＜0.01）.ConclusionThe overall hand hygiene compliance rate of HCWs in 2010-2012 was low,  in order to reduce the risk of healthcareassociated infection, hand hygiene compliance of HCWs need to be increased .