ObjectiveTo evaluate the intervention efficacy of hand hygiene of health care workers(HCWs) in a hospital before and after the comprehensive interventions were taken. MethodsThe baseline investigation stage was in AprilJune,2013 , intervention was performed from July,2013, postintervention efficacy evaluation stage was in OctoberDecember ,2013. Hand hygiene compliance was observed by investigators , and questionnaires were filled out.ResultsAfter multiple interventions were taken, hand hygiene compliance rate of HCWs increased from 38.02% to 53.86% （χ2=181.82，P＜0.05）, postintervention compliance rates of hand hygiene improved significantly  in departments of internal medicine, surgery and intensive care unit (all P<0.05).After intervention, the  overall hand hygiene compliance rate at different work opportunities rose from 41.87%(1 740/4 156) to 53.45%(2 044/3 824)（χ2=107.2，P＜0.05）;except sterile manipulation, the other 4 manipulation opportunities were all higher than preintervention(all P<0.05); HCWs of different  professions were all higher than preintervention(all P<0.05).ConclusionActive hand hygiene intervention can effectively improve hand hygiene compliance of HCWs.