ObjectiveTo investigate the activities associated with nurses’ occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens and the source patients’infection status during blood collection process, so as to provide a basis for developing occupational exposure prevention strategies.MethodsData about occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens during blood collection process in a hospital from August 2011 to September 2013 were monitored. ResultsA total of 89 times of bloodborne exposure occurred among HCWs, including 75 times of arterial blood collection and 14 venous blood collection. The top three procedures of occupational exposures were rebounding of needles after needles were pulled out (28.09%,n=25)， concentrated cleaning up of rubbish at the end of blood collection  (20.22%,n=18)，and  touching blood and body fluids by skin and mucous membrane （14.61%,n=13）. 48.31% (n=43) source patients infected with at least hepatitis B virus， hepatitis C virus , hepatitis E virus， Treponema pallidum，and human immunodeficiency virus , 51.69%(n=46）source patients were not infected ,after proper handling, none of nurses were infected during blood collection . ConclusionDeveloping safe bloodwithdraw needle，putting sharp instrument into sharp instrument container，wearing gloves, and intensifying training of  standard and occupational precaution are important strategies for the reducing of the occurrence of bloodborne exposure of clinical nurses during  blood collection process .