ObjectiveTo investigate the current situation of healthcareassociated infection(HAI) management in grassroots medical institutes in a province. MethodsFortysix grassroots medical institutes in 13 cities of the province were selected randomly for the survey, questionnaires about the current situation of HAI management in grassroots medical institutes were filled out, and related data were analyzed. ResultsFortyfour  qualified  questionnaires were adopted for analysis,and 2 unqualified questionnaires from public hospitals were excluded. HAI management in 44 medical institutes (100.00%) was in the charge of major leaders in medical institutes. Only 2 institutes（4.55%）set up independent HAI management departments, and 10 institutes（22.73%）established basic regulations and position responsibilities of HAI management, 38.67% of medical institutes established regulations of HAI prevention and control in key departments and responsibilities for key positions. The score for the establishment of basic regulations and position responsibilities of HAI management in village clinics was lower than the other medical institutes (F=5.762，P＜0.01). Except aseptic technique, the core regulations of HAI management weren’t implemented well in village clinics compared with the other institutes(P＜0.05). ConclusionOrganizational settings, HAI management of key departments, and core regulations of HAI management are not performed well in grassroots medical institutes in this province. Village clinics perform the worst in HAI management among all types of grassroots medical institutes. More measures, including education and surveillance, should be taken to improve HAI management in grassroots medical institutes.