ObjectiveTo investigate the hospitalization cost, length of stay in hospital, and mortality in patients with pulmonary infection in a hospital, and evaluate the influencing factors, so as to  provide scientific basis for making targeted infection control measures. MethodsMedical records of patients with pulmonary infection  between January 2011 and December 2012 were collected, the difference and influencing factors of hospitalization cost, average length of stay, and prognosis among patients with different types of pulmonary infection were compared and analyzed by univariate analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and logistic regression analysis.  ResultsOf  10 431 patients with  pulmonary infection, the average hospitalization cost was （29 081.95±38 682.92）yuan(RMB), the median cost was 16 085.25 yuan(RMB), and the average length of stay was （15.93±20.54）d, the median was 13.00 d, a  total of 828 patients died due to invalid treatment,mortality was 7.94%. There were significant differences in hospitalization cost, average length of stay  among patients with different genders, ages, modes of payment, admission status of illness, types of pulmonary infection, and operation or not (all P<0.05), and the differences in mortality were also  significant among patients of above characteristics except gender(all P<0.05). Influencing factors for hospitalization cost were as follows: length of stay, whether or not operated, modes of payment, types of pulmonary infection(healthcareassociated pneumonia, HAP), age,  gender, and so on, influencing factors for  length of stay were whether or not operated and types of pulmonary infection, factors leading to death were admission condition, types of pulmonary infection(HAP),and whether or not operated, and so on. ConclusionControl of healthcareassociated pulmonary infection is important for controlling hospitalization cost, shortening average length of stay, and improving survival rate of patients.