ObjectiveTo explore drug resistance and distribution of multidrugresistant（MDR） Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) in a countylevel hospital, so as to strengthen the prevention and control of healthcareassociated infection with M. tuberculosis. MethodsSpecimens with positive sputum smear were performed M. tuberculosis culture and drug resistance testing, and distribution of MDR tuberculosis patients in the departments before isolation were investigated retrospectively. ResultsOf 488 patients with tuberculosis, 254 were positive for sputum smear, 122 M. tuberculosis strains were isolated from positive sputum smear patients，120 isolates were performed drug susceptibility testing, results revealed that 86 isolates were drugresistant strains, 46 of which were monodrugresistant, 40 were MDR. Of MDR strains, 16 were all resistant to  isoniazide,  rifampicin,  streptomycin, and  ethambutol. The percentage of monodrugresistance, MDR, pandrug resistance was 9.43%, 8.20%, and 3.28% respectively.  Medical imaging department, ultrasound department, and respiratory disease department were the main units of M.tuberculosis exposure. ConclusionThe percentage of MDR M. tuberculosis is high among M. tuberculosis, surveillance should be intensified, so as to prevent the transmission in hospital.