ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors and prognosis of hospitalized patients with bloodstream infection due to carbapenemresistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB).Methods163 patients with CRAB bloodstream infection from 2010 to 2013 were conducted retrospective casecontrol study, 68 patients with bloodstream infection due to carbapenemsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii(CSAB) during the same period were as control group.ResultsThe independent risk factors for CRAB bloodstream infection were stay in intensive care unit(ICU) (OR,1.27［95%CI,5.55-22.89］) and emergency department(OR,3.57 ［95%CI,1.67-7.62］) before infection. Patients with CRAB bloodstream infection had lower 28day survival rate than those with CSAB bloodstream infection(66.17% vs 96.95%，χ2=15.71,P＜0.001). The independent risk factors for influencing prognosis of Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection were infection of CRAB (HR 95% CI,3.01-67.28), blood disease(HR 95%CI, 3.77-25.97), cardiac insufficiency(HR 95%CI,2.10-20.41), stay in ICU(HR 95%CI, 1.01-5.28),and age(HR 95%CI,1.01-1.04).ConclusionThe independent risk factors for CRAB bloodstream infection are stay in ICU and emergency department before infection, CRAB bloodstream infection is risk factor for influencing prognosis of patients.