ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic mumps in Chongqing Wanzhou district, and provide scientific basis for taking effective prevention and control measures. MethodsEpidemic data of mumps in Wanzhou district from January 2011 to December 2014 were investigated retrospectively.ResultsA total of  2 785 cases of epidemic mumps were reported, there was no death case, the incidence of mumps was 44.02/100 000. Incidence of mumps in population under 15 years old was the highest, accounting for 84.45% (2 352/2 785). Mumps mainly occurred among students (1 674 cases,60.11%).The peaks were from April to July and October to December,  the number of mumps increased significantly from October to December in 2013. Difference in incidence among each year of 2011-2014  was statistically different（χ2=40.52，P＜0.01）. Incidence of mumps was statistically  different between the city streets and villages/ towns（63.99/100 000  vs 32.13/100 000, χ2=20.168，P＜0.01）.Incidence was statistically  different between the city streets and villages/ towns each year of 2011-2014 (all P＜0.01）, except  2012, the incidence of mumps of  city streets was significantly higher than  villages/ towns.ConclusionIt is important to conduct “Five early” for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases,  strengthen the vaccination of measlesmumpsrubella (MMR) vaccine or vaccine against epidemic mumps, especially the vaccination for students and children in nurseries, popularize the knowledge about prevention and control of mumps, improve diagnosis and treatment level, and strengthen the epidemic monitoring.