ObjectiveTo understand the results and characteristics of targeted monitoring of healthcareassociated infection (HAI) in an intensive care unit (ICU) of a tumor hospital, so as to provide scientific basis for formulating measures of prevention and control of  HAI.MethodsPatients who admitted to an ICU from January to December 2013 were performed targeted monitoring, incidence of HAI was adjusted with an average severity of illness score (ASIS), three types of invasive procedurerelated infection, distribution of pathogens, and multidrugresistant organisms were monitored.ResultsA total of 455 patients were monitored, the total patientdays were 2 483 days, 52 cases of HAI occurred, incidence of HAI  was 11.43％，incidence of HAI per 1 000 patientdays was 20.94‰, after the adjustment with ASIS，incidence of HAI per 1 000 patientdays was 6.29‰. The main infection site was respiratory system(63.46%), followed by urinary system（19.23%）; Incidence of ventilatorassociated pneumonia per 1 000 ventilationdays, catheterrelated bloodstream infection per 1 000 catheterdays, and catheterassociated urinary tract infection per 1 000 urinary catheter days were 12.08‰, 0.95‰, and 4.07‰  respectively. A total of 181 pathogenic isolates were detected, 74.59% (n=135) of which were gramnegative bacteria, 18.23%(n=33) were grampositive bacteria, and 7.18%(n=13) were fungi; 18.23％(n=33) were multidrugresistant strains.ConclusionICU is the high risk department of the occurrence of HAI, the main infection is respiratory tract infection, the major pathogen is gramnegative bacteria. Targeted monitoring can timely reflect the deficiency in infection control practice, is helpful for formulating effective prevention and intervention measures, and reducing the occurrence of HAI.