ObjectiveTo explore the status of healthcareassociated infection(HAI) in hospitals in Buyi autonomous prefecture of Guizhou Povince, and provide basis for formulating HAI control measures.MethodsA survey was conducted by combined methods of bedside survey and medical record reviewing, prevalence rates of secondary and above hospitals in Buyi autonomous prefecture in Guizhou Province between September 10 and October 5, 2014 were surveyed.Results6 577 hospitalized patients should be investigated, 6 541(99.45%) were actually investigated. The prevalence rate and case prevalence rate of HAI were 1.83% (n=120) and 1.94%(n=127) respectively. The top three departments of HAI distribution were intensive care unit (26.32%), neurosurgery (6.10%）,and neonatal intensive care unit(5.13%); the main infection site was lower respiratory tract(n=39,30.71%), followed by skinsoft tissue (n=24, 18.90%) and superficial incision (n=23,18.11%). 58 pathogenic isolates were detected, gramnegative bacteria were the major pathogens (n=44), grampositive bacteria and fungi were 10 and 3 isolates respectively. Antimicrobial usage rate at survey day was 42.12%, 64.75% of which were for therapeutic, 26.83% for prophylactic, and 8.42% for therapeutic+prophylactic use; the percentage of monodrug, two drugs combination, and three or more drugs combination use were 79.53%， 19.89%，and 0.58% respectively；bacterial detection rate in patients receiving therapeutic as well as therapeutic+prophylactic antimicrobial use was 13.76%.ConclusionSurvey on prevalence of HAI is helpful for understanding the current status of HAI, monitoring on HAI in key departments of hospital and key sites of patients should be strengthened to reduce the occurrence HAI effectively.