ObjectiveTo study the occurrence, risk factors, and direct economic losses caused by healthcareassociated infection(HAI) in hemodialysis patients in a hospital.Methods840 patients who underwent hemodialysis in this hospital from April 2012 to September 2014 were selected, incidence of HAI, related factors, and economic losses due to HAI were investigated.ResultsAmong 840 hemodialysis patients, 89 patients developed 104 times of HAI, HAI density was 4.27‰. Multivariate regression analysis showed that young age and old age, combined multiple diseases, long duration of hemodialysis, two or more intubation sites, prolonged intubation, long length of hospital stay were all risk factors for HAI（OR=1.123-2.325）; Fees for bed, consultation, examination, treatment, nursing, medicine, and others in HAI group were all significantly higher than noninfected group（H=49.6-1 038.9, all P<0.01）, difference in medicine fees was most significant.ConclusionRisk factors for HAI are young age and old age, combined multiple diseases, long duration of hemodialysis, two or more intubation sites, prolonged intubation, and long length of hospital stay, the occurrence of HAI can increase the economic burden of hemodialysis patients.