ObjectiveTo analyze the risk factors for ventilatorassociated pneumonia(VAP) in the intensive care unit(ICU) of a hospital, and provide theoretical reference for preventing and controlling VAP.MethodsICU patients receiving mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours between October 2013 and December 2014 were monitored by targeted monitoring method, risk factors for the occurrence of VAP were analyzed.ResultsA total of 483 patients received mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours, 76 (15.73%) of whom developed VAP; the overall ventilator days were 5 347 days，incidence of VAP was 14.21 per 1 000 ventilator days. Univariate analysis showed that groups of gender, age, length of hospital stay, and duration of artificial airway were all significantly different, VAP rate in male patients was higher than that in female patients（χ2 =9.838，P＜0.01）；VAP rate was highest in patients aged 41-70 years（χ2 =10.242，P＜0.01），followed by patients aged≥71 years; VAP rate were relatively higher in patients with longer length of hospital stay and longer duration of artificial airway（χ2 =59.533，P＜0.01；χ2 =74.215，P＜0.01, respectively）.ConclusionIncidence of VAP in the ICU of this hospital is higher, especially in male patients, patients aged 41-70 years, as well as patients with long length of hospital stay and long duration of artificial airway.