ObjectiveTo understand  antimicrobial resistance of Enterobacteriaceae strains and distribution characteristics of carbapenemaseresistant Enterobacteriaceae(CRE)  in Xijing Hospital in 2015,  so as to provide basis for rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinic. MethodsSpecimens from infected inpatients and outpatients in Xijing Hospital in JanuaryDecember 2015 were performed pathogenic culture, isolation and identification. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed with KirbyBauer method, carbapenemase confirmatory test was conducted with modified Hodge test, antimicrobial resistance of Enterobacteriaceae was statistically analyzed. ResultsA total of 4 166 pathogenic strains were isolated in 2015, 1 554 (37.30%) of which were Enterobacteriaceae strains, the top 5 isolated pathogens were Escherichia coli(E. coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae(K. pneumoniae), Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacae), Proteus mirabilis, and Enterobacter aerogenes. Of 787 E. coli strains, 581(73.82%) were extendedspectrum βlactamases(ESBLs)producing strains；of 367 K. pneumoniae strains, 182(49.59%) were ESBLsproducing strains. E. coli and K. pneumoniae had the highest resistance rates to cefazolin, which were 93.14% and 78.48% respectively. A total of 81 (5.21%) CRE were detected, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, and E. coli were 41, 27, and 13 strains respectively; strains were mainly isolated from patients in departments of neurosurgery(n=42),  gastroenterology(n=9)， and neurology(n=8) . 1.02%（8/787) of E. coli and  3.27% (12/367) of K. pneumoniae were multidrugresistant. ConclusionEnterobacteriaceae accounted for a higher proportion of pathogenic bacteria causing HAI, the detection rate of ESBLsproducing strains remains high, the isolation rate of carbapenemresistant Enterobacteriaceae is higher than that of last year, especially K. pneumoniae.