ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of hand hygiene(HH) among health care workers(HCWs) in clinical laboratories in medical institutions in Xi’an City. MethodsHH status of HCWs in clinical laboratories in medical institutions in Xi’an was performed random onthespot sampling and monitoring. ResultsA total of 240 HH specimens of HCWs in clinical laboratories in 80 medical institutions in Xi’an City were collected, 127 detected results were qualified, the total qualified rate was 52.92%. The qualified rates of medical institutions were as follows: municipal hospitals 62.67%，workers’ hospitals 55.95%，private hospitals 40.74%；comprehensive medical institutions 67.68%，specialized medical institutions 42.55%；tertiary medical institutions 79.63%（n=43），secondary and below medical institutions 45.16%（n=84），there were significant differences in HH qualified rate among HCWs in different types of medical institutions（all P＜0.01）. Of different HH detection items, detection rates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 0.83% and 8.33% respectively. There were significant differences in HH compliance rates among HCWs of all age groups(χ2=9.103，P<0.05), HCWs aged≥50 years had the highest qualified rate of HH（71.43%）, followed by those aged＜30 years (67.82%)，HCWs in 40～ year age group had the lowest HH qualified rate (39.66%). ConclusionThe qualified rate of HH of HCWs in clinical laboratory of medical institutions in Xi’an City is low, it is necessary to enhance the procaution awareness of HCWs in clinical laboratories, strengthen quality control of HH, strictly implement standard handwashing procedures to reduce occurrence of HAI.