ObjectiveTo analyze the influencing factors for fungal infection in hospitalized patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome( AIDS), and provide basis for taking preventive and control measures. MethodsClinical data of 112 inpatients with AIDS in a tertiary firstclass hospital from January 2010 to October 2015 were analyzed retrospectively, related risk factors were analyzed in patients with fungal infection, univariate analysis was performed by χ2 or t test, and multivariate analysis was performed by logistic regression analysis. ResultsAmong 112 AIDS inpatients, 41(36.61%) had fungal infection. Candida albicans was the main pathogen (n=52, 76.74%) and was mainly isolated from lower respiratory tract (n=29, 42.65%). Univariate analysis showed that invasive procedures, duration of antimicrobial use, combined antimicrobial use, and decreased CD4+ T lymphocyte count in peripheral blood were risk factors for fungal infection in AIDS inpatients(all P<0.05), while oral cleaning care and systemic antiviral therapy were protective factors for fungal infection(all P<0.05); multivariate analysis showed that decreased CD4+ T lymphocyte count in peripheral blood(OR,1.017［95% CI, 1.009-1.025］）and combined antimicrobial use（OR,3.975［95%CI, 1.093-14.448］） were independent risk factors for fungal infection in AIDS inpatients, while systemic antiviral therapy was independent protective factor for fungal infection(OR, 0.288［95%CI,0.099-0.841］）. ConclusionThere are many factors influencing fungal infection in AIDS patients, rational use of antimicrobial agents, systemic antiviral therapy, and increasing serum albumin concentration are main methods to prevent fungal infection, avoid unnecessary invasive procedures and application of preventive antifungal therapy for highrisk patients are also effective to prevent fungal infection.