ObjectiveTo explore the diagnostic value and clinical significance of serum procalcitonin (PCT), erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), and Creactive protein(CRP) in intracranial infection after craniocerebral surgery in patients in intensive care unit(ICU). Methods21 patients who were admitted to the ICU in a hospital between June 2011 and January 2016 were as infection group, 42 patients without intracranial infection after craniocerebral surgery during the same period were as control group. Levels of PCT, ESR, and CRP in two groups were detected and analyzed statistically. ResultsDifferences in age, gender, average body mass index, types of craniocerebral diseases, and postoperative indwelling drainage between infection group and control group were all not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Patients with elevated serum PCT, ESR, and CRP in infection group accounted for 95.24%, 80.95% and 90.48% respectively, in control group were 4.76%, 14.29%, and 4.76% respectively；the average concentrations of serum PCT, ESR, and CRP between two groups were compared respectively, differences were all significant(all P<0.05). The sensitivity of PCT, ESR, CRP, and PCT+ESR+CRP in the diagnosis of intracranial infection after craniocerebral surgery in ICU patients were 95.24%, 80.95%, 90.47%, and 95.61% respectively; specificity were 95.23%, 85.71%, 95.23%, and 89.37% respectively. ConclusionThe combined detection of PCT, ESR, and CRP is helpful for the diagnosis of intracranial infection after craniocerebral surgery in ICU patients, it has important guiding significance for the rational use of antimicrobial agents in early stage.