ObjectiveTo understand the current status of hand hygiene(HH) compliance among doctors and nurses, and strengthen the management of HH of health care workers(HCWs). MethodsOnthespot observation of HH implementation in clinical departments of the whole hospital was performed by a singleblind method, data were collected for statistical analysis. ResultsHH compliance rate of all clinical departments was 69.28%（309/446）, HH compliance rate of intensive care unit was the highest(87.93%)，department of internal medicine was the lowest(63.03%), there were significant differences among different departments（P=0.001）. Compliance rate of HH of nurses was higher than that of doctors（74.47% vs 39.39%），difference was significant（P＜0.001）； of different indications for HH, the lowest compliance rate was before contact patients（43.04%）， HH of doctors after contact with patients and patients’ surrounding were both lower than nurses, difference was significant(both P<0.05).  ConclusionHH compliance rate of doctors is lower than nurses, compliance rate  of HH is the lowest before contact patients, awareness of HH among doctors and nurses before contact patients should be emphasized, targeted training should be conducted, thus reduce the incidence of healthcareassociated infection.