ObjectiveTo investigate current status of hemodialysis, and qualified status of dialysis water and dialysate in a city. MethodsStatus of hemodialysis in 36 medical institutions in a city which conducted blood purification programme was surveyed, dialysis water and dialysate were collected to perform microbial detection(including conventional and low temperature culture methods) and onsite ATP detection.Results13.89% of equipments for water treatment were used less than 1 year, 5.56% were used for more than 10 years. 77.78% of medical institutions didn’t replace sand filtration which had been used for more than 1 year, the replacement time of 72.22% of filter core was less than 3 months, 2.78% of reverse water supply pipeline was used for more than 10 years. 77.78% of medical institutions used finished A solution, 72.22% used finished B solution, 22.22% used centrally provided A solution, 19.44% used centrally provided B solution, and 8.34% used selfmade B solution. Routine microbial detection in 36 medical institutions were qualified, but 80.56% of detection results were "0" value for long period; ATP detection of onsite collected dialysis water and dialysate were all qualified. One specimen for microbial detection under normal temperature exceeded the standard, 2 reached the intervention value; 4 specimens for microbial detection under low temperature exceeded the standard, 6 reached the intervention value; qualified rates of 3 kinds of detection methods among different levels of medical institutions weren’t significantly different(all P＞0.05).ConclusionThe overall quality of hemodialysis water and dialysate in this city is good, the majority of medical institutions pay attention to the routine maintenance of water treatment equipment, detect the quality of hemodialysis water and dialysate regularly, but microbial detection technique needs to be improved, causes for abnormal results or intervention value of routine detection needs to be analyzed and improved continuously.