ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility of molecular detection technique in the pathogenic diagnosis of moderate and severe skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI).MethodsFifty moderate and severe SSTI cases in the department of burn reconstruction and plastic surgery in Peking University First Hospital between January and October 2016 were studied, deep tissue of wound were taken for bacterial culture and bacterial smear; DNA in each specimen was extracted, conserved regions of 9 common bacterial genomes were used as target sequences, specific primers were designed for performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) membrane hybridization of bacteria; results of molecular detection, routine culture, and smear were compared.Results38 cases were positive for routine culture, 28 cases were positive for molecular detection, and only 8 cases of bacterial smear were positive, complete coincidence rate between molecular detection results and routine culture results of 9 detected bacteria was 82.1%（32/39）, molecular detection results presented multiple species of bacteria, 7.7% (3/39) of bacterial culture result showed single bacteria.ConclusionMolecular detection technology can detect and identify common pathogenic bacteria causing moderate and severe SSTI, it has more advantage in the detection of pathogens of mixed bacterial infection.