ObjectiveTo understand direct economic loss due to healthcareassociated infection(HAI) with multidrugresistant Acinetobacter baumannii(MDRAB). Methods65 hospitalized patients with MDRAB  in a tertiary firstclass general hospital in Chongqing City between September 2014 and August 2016 were as case group, a 1∶1 matched casecontrol study was adopted, 65 hospitalized patients without HAI during the same period were selected as control group, direct economic loss due to MDRAB HAI was analyzed and compared. ResultsThe median of hospitalization expense, medicine proportion, and length of hospital stay in case group were 167 579.56 yuan, 37.40%, and 52 days respectively, while those in control group were 59 386.77 yuan, 31.85%, and 27 days respectively, the average direct economic loss due to MDRAB HAI was 108 192.79 yuan, mainly for fees of medicine, nursing, treatment, and laboratory detection, the proportion of medicine was the highest; the average extension of length of hospital stay due to MDRAB HAI was 25 days; each expense in case group was higher than that of control group, difference were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). ConclusionEconomic loss due to MDRAB HAI is serious, proportion of medicine is increased, and length of hospital stay is prolonged, prevention and control should be paid attention.