ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors for pulmonary infection(PI) in patients with severe craniocerebral injury, and provide basis for clinical prevention and control of PI.Methods418 patients with severe craniocerebral injury and admitted to the Third People’s Hospital of Haikou were selected, they were divided into PI group (n=152) and nonPI group (n=266) according to whether the PI occurred, sputum culture of patients with PI was performed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to analyze the risk factors for PI in patients with severe craniocerebral injury.ResultsIncidence of PI in 418 patients with severe craniocerebral injury was 36.4% (152/418). 168 strains of pathogens were isolated from 152 patients with PI, mainly gramnegative bacteria (66.7%) and grampositive bacteria (25.0%). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that duration of surgery≥4 hours, mechanical ventilation≥7 hours, tracheotomy, drainage tube indwelling, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)<5, and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE II) score≥18 were independent risk factors for PI in patients with severe craniocerebral injury, OR (95%CI) values were 5.837（3.125-13.168）, 3.172（1.748-5.975）, 5.106（2.683-11.829）, 4.913（2.284-10.716）, 3.625（1.972-7.218）, and 2.618（1.327-4.721）respectively.ConclusionIncidence of PI in patients with severe craniocerebral injury is high, it is necessary to strengthen nursing and early prevention according to risk factors, so as to reduce the incidence of PI.