ObjectiveTo investigate risk factors for peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)related fungal infection in patients with hematological malignancies.Methods528 patients with hematological malignancies and received PICC in a hospital from July 2010 to July 2015 were selected, through retrospective study and according to whether PICCrelated fungal infection occurred, patients were divided into bloodstream infection(BSI) group, puncture site infection group, and noninfection group, risk factors for PICCrelated fungal infection was performed logistic regression analysis.ResultsAmong 528 hematological malignancies patients with PICC, 48 (9.09%) had fungal infection, 32 cases (66.67%) were with catheterrelated fungal BSI (CRFBSI), 6(12.50%) were with puncture site infection, and 10(20.83%) were with both CRFBSI and puncture site infection; 48 strains of fungi were isolated, mainly Candida parapsilosis (21 strains, 43.75%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that neutrophil count≤0.5×109/L, length of hospital stay>10 days, antimicrobial use, and chemotherapy use>3 times were independent risk factors for bloodstream fungal infection in PICC patients; chemotherapy use>3 times and  delayed catheter maintenance cycle were independent risk factors for infection at puncture site.ConclusionPICCrelated fungal infection results from multiple risk factors, comprehensive and dynamic assessment of risk factors should be paid attention, effective intervention measures needs to be taken.