In recent years, with the widespread use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) have emerged and become more and more common, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae(CRE), which pose severe challenge to clinical anti-infective treatment and prevention and control of healthcare-associated infection. The new antimicrobial agents and bacterial resistance have developed at the same time, development of bacterial resistance seems to have a tendency to overwhelm the development of antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial resistance(AMR) is now recognized as one of the major threat to human health worldwide. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of America has proposed four core plans to address the challenge of MDROs:surveillance, antimicrobial management, improvement of antimicrobial agents and diagnosis, as well as prevention and control of transmission. In response to the severe threat of MDRO infection, prevention of infection should be focused on, antimicrobial management and HAI management should be grasped at the same time and attached sufficient importance, effective measures should be taken based on the source, route, and susceptible people of infection, multiple details and constant innovation should be paid attention to, the final victory can be achieved.