Objective To comprehensively understand the research status and trend of fulminating infectious di-seases(FIDs) virus of world Arenaviridae family, provide information and reference for the prevention and control as well as biosafety of emerging infectious diseases and FIDs in China. Methods Using bibliometrics and scientific knowledge map analysis method, 8 kinds of FIDs virus of Arenaviridae classified as the first category according to hazard degree in the list of Pathogenic microorganisms of human infection were selected as the research objects for hot spot and trend analysis. Results A total of 1 840 articles in the field of 8 kinds of FIDs virus of Arenaviridae were collected, 1 243 of which were about Lassa fever virus. The international research on FIDs virus of Arenaviridae began in 1960s, the United States, Argentina and Germany have highly participated in this field, with 892, 387 and 186 articles published respectively, there are 33 domestic research articles in this field, ranking the 13th; the top three research institutions which published related literatures were National Institutes of Health of the United Status, University of Buenos Aires of Argentina, as well as Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the United Status, with 237, 229 and 164 articles published respectively. The research directions and hot spots in this field mainly include:viral epidemiology and biosafety, virus genetics and pathogenesis, anti-viral treatment, anti-viral drugs, vaccine development, and rapid detection technology of viruses. Conclusion Occurrence of FIDs caused by Arenaviridae viruses are less in China, but in the world, especially the western developed countries, close attention has been paid to it, China is still lagging behind in this field, it is necessary to strengthen relevant research to prevent the epidemic and potential national biosafety risks.