Objective To understand the current situation of endoscope cleaning and disinfection in medical institutions(MIs) in a province, and provide theoretical and technical support for the implementation of Regulation for cleaning and disinfection technique of flexible endoscope WS 507-2016 as well as next work focus and research direction of endoscopy quality control center. Methods 130 MIs which performed endoscopic diagnosis and treatment were selected by convenient sampling method, endoscopic cleaning and disinfection status and the effect evaluation of quality control management were surveyed by questionnaire. Results A total of 1 318 nurses in endoscopy centers (rooms) in 120 MIs (including 36 tertiary MIs and 84 secondary MIs) were surveyed, including 149 full-time endoscope cleaning and disinfection personnel, and the pre-job training rate of them was 28.19% (n=42). The allocation rate of automatic washing and disinfection machine was 35.00% (42 MIs), 27.50% (33 MIs) had complete protective equipment, tertiary MIs were superior to secondary MIs in the design and layout of endoscopy centers/rooms (except cleaning the ventilation equipment in the disinfection rooms) (both P<0.01); 60.00% (72 MIs) of MIs changed endoscope cleaning solution after each cleaning, tertiary MIs were superior to secondary MIs(P<0.01);19.17% (23 MIs) used information tracing system for endoscope cleaning and disinfection, 37.50% (45 MIs) performed cleaning quality monitoring, 92.50% (111 MIs) performed disinfection quality monitoring. Conclusion All levels of MIs do not pay enough attention to the cleaning and disinfection of endoscope, cleaning and disinfection technique of endoscope is not standardized. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision of cleaning and disinfection of endoscope, and solve the key and difficult points in the supervision of quality control.