Objective To explore the correlation between healthcare-associated infection (HAI) and venous thrombosis in stroke patients undergoing surgery, and provide scientific basis for health care workers to take targeted prevention and control measures. Methods Clinical data of all stroke patients in a hospital from January 2016 to December 2018 were prospectively collected, they were divided into infection group and non-infection group accor-ding to whether HAI occurred, two groups of patients were matched with 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM), relationship between post-operative HAI and venous thrombosis in stroke patients was analyzed. Results A total of 816 stroke patients were included in study, 213 cases (26.10%) of HAI occurred, after confounding factors were balanced by PSM, there was a correlation between HAI and venous thrombosis (P < 0.001), Pearson contingency coefficient C was 0.192. Incidence of venous thrombosis was different among different HAI sites (P=0.037). Conclusion After the confounding factors are balanced by PSM, there is a positive correlation between HAI and thrombosis in stroke patients undergoing surgery, and may have a synergistic effect on the adverse prognosis of patients, therefore, post-operative monitoring should be strengthened, early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment and early intervention measures should be taken to reduce the risk of complication occurrence and improve the prognosis of patients.