Hemodialysis patients are at high risk of infection, they may not only be infected by bloodborne pathogens, but also by bacteria, fungi and other viruses. Hemodialysis procedures are numerous and complex, multiple causes can lead to infection outbreak. In this paper, the outbreak of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) in hemodialysis facilities of foreign countries from 1987 to now was summarized and analyzed by searching HAI outbreak-related literatures from PubMed, so as to provide reference for the formulation and supervision of hemodialysis HAI prevention and control measures in the future.