Aspergillus flavus belongs to Aspergillaceae and is second only to Aspergillus fumigatus inducing Aspergillosis, it occurs more often in lung, sinuses and eye, while renal pelvis infection is rare. In this case, acute renal failure was caused by Aspergillus flavus infection of the renal pelvis. Amphotericin B was used locally and systemically, with good therapeutic effect and recovery of renal function.