Objective The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19) epidemic in 2020 has strongly promoted the development and application of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine, however, universal vaccination is hindered by vaccine hesitancy. This paper reviews COVID -19 vaccine hesitancy of different countries, analyzes the factors influencing the COVID -19 vaccine hesitancy based on the existing relevant models, and puts forward intervention measures for COVID -19 vaccine hesitancy, so as to provide reference for reducing vaccine hesitancy.